Even crystals, which are so definite in geometrical form, are variable
with respect to their absolute dimensions.
Among the works of man we sometimes find a certain degree of
uniformity.
There is a uniformity among the different bullets which are cast in
the same mould, and the different copies of a book printed from the
same type.
If we examine the coins, or the weights and measures, of a civilized
country, we find a uniformity, which is produced by careful adjustment
to standards made and provided by the state. The degree of uniformity
of these national standards is a measure of that spirit of justice in
the nation which has enacted laws to regulate them and appointed
officers to test them.
This subject is one in which we, as a scientific body, take a warm
interest; and you are all aware of the vast amount of scientific work
which has been expended, and profitably expended, in providing weights
and measures for commercial and scientific purposes.
The earth has been measured as a basis for a permanent standard of
length, and every property of metals has been investigated to guard
against any alteration of the material standards when made.
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