Misfortune and experience have now taught us system and method;
and the arrangements for carrying on the war are reduced to rule and
order. The quotas of the several states are ascertained, and I
intend in a future publication to show what they are, and the
necessity as well as the advantages of vigorously providing for them.
In the mean time, I shall conclude this paper with an instance of
British clemency, from Smollett's History of England, vol. xi.,
printed in London. It will serve to show how dismal the situation
of a conquered people is, and that the only security is an effectual
defence.
We all know that the Stuart family and the house of Hanover
opposed each other for the crown of England. The Stuart family stood
first in the line of succession, but the other was the most
successful.
In July, 1745, Charles, the son of the exiled king, landed in
Scotland, collected a small force, at no time exceeding five or six
thousand men, and made some attempts to re-establish his claim. The
late Duke of Cumberland, uncle to the present King of England, was
sent against him, and on the 16th of April following, Charles was
totally defeated at Culloden, in Scotland. Success and power are the
only situations in which clemency can be shown, and those who are
cruel, because they are victorious, can with the same facility act any
other degenerate character.
"Immediately after the decisive action at Culloden, the Duke of
Cumberland took possession of Inverness; where six and thirty
deserters, convicted by a court martial, were ordered to be
executed: then he detached several parties to ravage the country.
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